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  • In Search of a Dependent Variable: Comment on Avakame

    Author(s)
    Ackerman, Jeffrey
    Schwartz, Jennifer
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Ackerman, Jeffrey
    Year published
    2001
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    In a previous Criminology article, Avakame (1998) applies hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) techniques to Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) to disentangle individual- and aggregate-level factors associated with offending. A close reading of his analysis reveals serious flaws in the dependent variable, which renders the results meaningless. Although it is ambiguous whether Avakame intended to model homicide “risk” or “frequency,” either is problematic. “Homicide frequency” has no logical connection to the individual-level predictors; “homicide risk” is constant in SHR data, which makes the analysis impossible. In detailing ...
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    In a previous Criminology article, Avakame (1998) applies hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) techniques to Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) to disentangle individual- and aggregate-level factors associated with offending. A close reading of his analysis reveals serious flaws in the dependent variable, which renders the results meaningless. Although it is ambiguous whether Avakame intended to model homicide “risk” or “frequency,” either is problematic. “Homicide frequency” has no logical connection to the individual-level predictors; “homicide risk” is constant in SHR data, which makes the analysis impossible. In detailing these problems, we spell out the logical data requirements and offer sound empirical examples for an HLM analysis.
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    Journal Title
    Criminology
    Volume
    39
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2001.tb00946.x
    Copyright Statement
    Self-archiving of the author-manuscript version is not yet supported by this journal. Please refer to the journal link for access to the definitive, published version or contact the author[s] for more information.
    Subject
    Criminological Theories
    Criminology
    Applied Ethics
    Philosophy
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/62628
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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