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  • National study of infants hospitalized with pertussis in the acellular vaccine era.

    Author(s)
    Elliott, E
    McIntyre, P
    Ridley, Greta
    Morris, A
    Massie, J
    McEniery, J
    Knight, G
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Ridley, Greta
    Year published
    2004
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Background. In Australia in 1999 acellular pertussis vaccine (DTPa) replaced locally manufactured whole cell vaccine given at 2, 4 and 6 months of age with coverage of about 95% by 12 months of age. Few data are available on pertussis hospitalizations or sources of infection in countries exclusively using DTPa. Methods. In 2001 national active monthly surveillance of infant hospitalizations for pertussis was conducted through the Australian Pediatric Surveillance Unit, which surveys all child health specialists monthly. A standard questionnaire was completed for notified cases. Results. There were 140 infants reported ...
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    Background. In Australia in 1999 acellular pertussis vaccine (DTPa) replaced locally manufactured whole cell vaccine given at 2, 4 and 6 months of age with coverage of about 95% by 12 months of age. Few data are available on pertussis hospitalizations or sources of infection in countries exclusively using DTPa. Methods. In 2001 national active monthly surveillance of infant hospitalizations for pertussis was conducted through the Australian Pediatric Surveillance Unit, which surveys all child health specialists monthly. A standard questionnaire was completed for notified cases. Results. There were 140 infants reported (median age at diagnosis, 8 weeks). The rate of hospitalization in indigenous infants was significantly higher than in nonindigenous infants (P < 0.01). Of 97 (69%) infants who had not been vaccinated for pertussis, 63 (65%) were <8 weeks old (before the first scheduled dose of DTPa vaccine). Of 76 infants age ≥8 weeks, only 28 (37%) were appropriately immunized for age. Of 68 coughing contacts whose ages were known, 46 (68%) were adults, usually one of the infant's parents. Of 32 child contacts 16 (50%) were siblings. Four infants <6 weeks old died. Conclusion. Despite universal vaccination with DTPa in Australia, pertussis remains an important cause of hospitalization, morbidity and death in infants, most of whom were too young to be vaccinated or had missed vaccinations. The most common source of infection was a parent. Strategies to improve pertussis control in countries with high DTPa coverage could include adult-formulated booster pertussis vaccines for adolescents and recent parents and/or accelerated pertussis vaccine schedules for infants.
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    Journal Title
    Paediatric Infectious Disease Journal
    Volume
    23
    Issue
    3
    Publisher URI
    http://journals.lww.com/pidj/Abstract/2004/03000/National_study_of_infants_hospitalized_with.14.aspx
    Subject
    Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
    Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine
    Public Health and Health Services
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/63068
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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    • Gold Coast
    • Logan
    • Brisbane - Queensland, Australia
    First Peoples of Australia
    • Aboriginal
    • Torres Strait Islander