IL-6 Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissue in Response to Exercise – Effect of Carbohydrate Ingestion
Author(s)
Keller, C
Keller, P
Marshal, S
Pedersen, BK
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2003
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine involved in a number of immunological processes, but it is also linked to exercise and possibly energy status. During exercise, muscle IL-6 mRNA levels and plasma IL-6 levels are increased and further augmented when intramuscular glycogen levels are low. In contrast, the increase in plasma IL-6 is blunted if carbohydrate is administered, indicating a substrate-regulated induction of IL-6 in human skeletal muscle. Recent studies have demonstrated that IL-6 is also released from adipose tissue in response to an exercise bout. Furthermore, IL-6 has been demonstrated to have a lipolytic effect, ...
View more >Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine involved in a number of immunological processes, but it is also linked to exercise and possibly energy status. During exercise, muscle IL-6 mRNA levels and plasma IL-6 levels are increased and further augmented when intramuscular glycogen levels are low. In contrast, the increase in plasma IL-6 is blunted if carbohydrate is administered, indicating a substrate-regulated induction of IL-6 in human skeletal muscle. Recent studies have demonstrated that IL-6 is also released from adipose tissue in response to an exercise bout. Furthermore, IL-6 has been demonstrated to have a lipolytic effect, thus possibly playing a role in mobilisation of energy as free fatty acids (FFA) in response to exercise. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the gene expression pattern of IL-6 in adipose tissue in response to exercise, and to determine whether gene expression was affected by the ingestion of carbohydrate. Eight male subjects performed 3 h of bicycling with ingestion of a carbohydrate drink or placebo. Fat biopsy samples and blood samples were obtained before, during and in the recovery phase of exercise. Both plasma IL-6 and adipose IL-6 mRNA levels increased in response to exercise. IL-6 gene expression was lower (P < 0.05) in the CHO trial (1.98-fold increase, confidence interval (CI) 1.16–3.83) compared with the control (6.49-fold increase, CI 3.57–13.91) at end of exercise. Furthermore, CHO ingestion blunted the increase in plasma IL-6 levels (P < 0.05) at end of exercise (26.0 ± 3.7 pg ml−1 in the control vs. 15.6 ± 2.4 pg ml−1 in the CHO trial). In conclusion, exercise results in an increase in IL-6 gene expression in adipose tissue in response to exercise, an effect that is significantly blunted by ingestion of carbohydrate.
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View more >Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine involved in a number of immunological processes, but it is also linked to exercise and possibly energy status. During exercise, muscle IL-6 mRNA levels and plasma IL-6 levels are increased and further augmented when intramuscular glycogen levels are low. In contrast, the increase in plasma IL-6 is blunted if carbohydrate is administered, indicating a substrate-regulated induction of IL-6 in human skeletal muscle. Recent studies have demonstrated that IL-6 is also released from adipose tissue in response to an exercise bout. Furthermore, IL-6 has been demonstrated to have a lipolytic effect, thus possibly playing a role in mobilisation of energy as free fatty acids (FFA) in response to exercise. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the gene expression pattern of IL-6 in adipose tissue in response to exercise, and to determine whether gene expression was affected by the ingestion of carbohydrate. Eight male subjects performed 3 h of bicycling with ingestion of a carbohydrate drink or placebo. Fat biopsy samples and blood samples were obtained before, during and in the recovery phase of exercise. Both plasma IL-6 and adipose IL-6 mRNA levels increased in response to exercise. IL-6 gene expression was lower (P < 0.05) in the CHO trial (1.98-fold increase, confidence interval (CI) 1.16–3.83) compared with the control (6.49-fold increase, CI 3.57–13.91) at end of exercise. Furthermore, CHO ingestion blunted the increase in plasma IL-6 levels (P < 0.05) at end of exercise (26.0 ± 3.7 pg ml−1 in the control vs. 15.6 ± 2.4 pg ml−1 in the CHO trial). In conclusion, exercise results in an increase in IL-6 gene expression in adipose tissue in response to exercise, an effect that is significantly blunted by ingestion of carbohydrate.
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Journal Title
The Journal of Physiology
Volume
550
Issue
3
Subject
Medical Biochemistry: Carbohydrates
Biological Sciences
Medical and Health Sciences