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  • TLR9: an important molecule in the fight against hepatitis B virus

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    97552_1.pdf (361.5Kb)
    Author(s)
    Shahrakyvahed, Aziz
    Sanchooli, Javad
    Sanadgol, Nima
    Arababadi, Mohammad Kazemi
    Kennedy, Derek
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Kennedy, Derek D.
    Year published
    2014
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    Abstract
    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent infectious agent that can induce severe liver disease. Patients infected with long-term HBV, including chronic, asymptomatic and occult forms, cannot clear HBV from infected hepatocytes completely. It is not clear why some people can clear the infection while others cannot. Furthermore, the main mechanisms responsible for progression of the infections are not fully understood. It has been hypothesised that differences in genetic and immunological parameters between patients and subjects who successfully clear HBV infections are responsible for inducing the long-term ...
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    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent infectious agent that can induce severe liver disease. Patients infected with long-term HBV, including chronic, asymptomatic and occult forms, cannot clear HBV from infected hepatocytes completely. It is not clear why some people can clear the infection while others cannot. Furthermore, the main mechanisms responsible for progression of the infections are not fully understood. It has been hypothesised that differences in genetic and immunological parameters between patients and subjects who successfully clear HBV infections are responsible for inducing the long-term forms of the infection. Previous investigations showed that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play important roles in immune responses, especially innate immunity, against viral infections, including hepatitis B. TLR9 detects intracellular viral dsDNA, which results in the activation of an immune response against HBV. However, defects in this system may result in an attenuated response ultimately leading to long-term HBV infections. Targeting the defects in TLR9 or reactivating the downstream pathways that are normally switched on by TLR9 in response to HBV infection is a new approach to the treatment of long-term HBV infection. However, the pathways and defects seen in patients with long-term HBV need to be thoroughly explored before therapeutics can be applied in the clinical setting. Furthermore, the apparently multigenic nature of long-term HBV infection suggests that treatment of patients may need to be personalised.
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    Journal Title
    Postgraduate Medical Journal
    Volume
    90
    Issue
    1065
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2013-132309
    Copyright Statement
    © The Author(s) 2014. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. For information about this journal please refer to the journal’s website or contact the authors.
    Subject
    Biomedical and clinical sciences
    Medical virology
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/63895
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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