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  • Protocol for a systematic review of the effects of schools and school-environment interventions on health: evidence mapping and syntheses

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    Author(s)
    Bonell, Chris
    Harden, Angela
    Wells, Helene
    Jamal, Farah
    Fletcher, Adam
    Petticrew, Mark
    Thomas, James
    Whitehead, Margaret
    Campbell, Rona
    Murphy, Simon
    Moore, Laurence
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Wells, Helene A.
    Year published
    2011
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    Abstract
    Background Schools may have important effects on students' and staff's health. Rather than treating schools merely as sites for health education, 'school-environment' interventions treat schools as settings which influence health. Evidence concerning the effects of such interventions has not been recently synthesised. Methods/design Systematic review aiming to map and synthesise evidence on what theories and conceptual frameworks are most commonly used to inform school-environment interventions or explain school-level influences on health; what effects school-environment interventions have on health/health inequalities; how ...
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    Background Schools may have important effects on students' and staff's health. Rather than treating schools merely as sites for health education, 'school-environment' interventions treat schools as settings which influence health. Evidence concerning the effects of such interventions has not been recently synthesised. Methods/design Systematic review aiming to map and synthesise evidence on what theories and conceptual frameworks are most commonly used to inform school-environment interventions or explain school-level influences on health; what effects school-environment interventions have on health/health inequalities; how feasible and acceptable are school-environment interventions; what effects other school-level factors have on health; and through what processes school-level influences affect health. We will examine interventions aiming to promote health by modifying schools' physical, social or cultural environment via actions focused on school policies and practices relating to education, pastoral care and other aspects of schools beyond merely providing health education. Participants are staff and students age 4-18 years. We will review published research unrestricted by language, year or source. Searching will involve electronic databases including Embase, ERIC, PubMed, PsycInfo and Social Science Citation Index using natural-language phrases plus reference/citation checking. Stage 1 will map studies descriptively by focus and methods. Stage 2 will involve additional inclusion criteria, quality assessment and data extraction undertaken by two reviewers in parallel. Evidence will be synthesised narratively and statistically where appropriate (undertaking subgroup analyses and meta-regression and where no significant heterogeneity of effect sizes is found, pooling these to calculate a final effect size). Discussion We anticipate: finding a large number of studies missed by previous reviews; that non-intervention studies of school effects examine a greater breadth of determinants than are addressed by intervention studies; and that intervention effect estimates are greater than for school-based health curriculum interventions without school-environment components.
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    Journal Title
    BMC Public Health
    Volume
    11
    Issue
    453
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-453
    Copyright Statement
    © 2014 Bonell et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    Note
    Page numbers are not for citation purposes. Instead, this article has the unique article number of 453.
    Subject
    Health and Community Services
    Causes and Prevention of Crime
    Public Health and Health Services
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/64111
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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