Development and Validation of a Dietary Screening Tool for High Sodium Consumption in Australian Renal Patients
Author(s)
Mason, Belinda
Ross, Lynda
Gill, Emily
Healy, Helen
Juffs, Philip
Kark, Adrian
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2014
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Objective: The study objective was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and validity of a self-administered Scored Sodium Questionnaire (SSQ) for use in the routine clinical care of Australian chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Design and Methods: The study took place in community-based outreach clinics using a multidisciplinary model of care. Assessment of sources of dietary sodium intake in the target population used comprehensive diet history interviews (Phase 1) to inform development of a 10-item food frequency questionnaire that was scored and validated using 24-hour urinary sodium and 2 alternative dietary intake ...
View more >Objective: The study objective was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and validity of a self-administered Scored Sodium Questionnaire (SSQ) for use in the routine clinical care of Australian chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Design and Methods: The study took place in community-based outreach clinics using a multidisciplinary model of care. Assessment of sources of dietary sodium intake in the target population used comprehensive diet history interviews (Phase 1) to inform development of a 10-item food frequency questionnaire that was scored and validated using 24-hour urinary sodium and 2 alternative dietary intake methods (Phase 2). Subjects were adults with CKD Stages 3 to 5 (Phase 1 n 5 30; Phase 2 n 5 47). Intervention: On a single day, participants (n 5 47) completed the SSQ, feasibility survey, 24-hour urine collection, and 24-hour food record. A diet history interview was also conducted to confirm sodium intake on the day of data collection reflected habitual intake. Main Outcome Measure: Validity of the SSQ score was confirmed by correlation with 24-hour urine sodium. Validity of a cutpoint on the SSQ score to correctly identify high- versus low-sodium consumers was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis: area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: Total SSQ score correlated significantly with 24-hour urine sodium (r 5 0.371; P 5 .031). Correlation between 24-hour food record and diet history sodium confirmed consumption on the data collection day reflected habitual intake (r 5 0.701; P # .001). A cutpoint of 65 or greater on the SSQ score was confirmed as valid to identify high-sodium consumers: area under the curve 0.713, sensitivity 61%, and specificity 82%. Conclusion: The SSQ is feasible and valid to assess habitual sodium intake in the Australian CKD population and to identify high high sodium consumers for referral to individualized counseling on a low-sodium diet.
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View more >Objective: The study objective was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and validity of a self-administered Scored Sodium Questionnaire (SSQ) for use in the routine clinical care of Australian chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Design and Methods: The study took place in community-based outreach clinics using a multidisciplinary model of care. Assessment of sources of dietary sodium intake in the target population used comprehensive diet history interviews (Phase 1) to inform development of a 10-item food frequency questionnaire that was scored and validated using 24-hour urinary sodium and 2 alternative dietary intake methods (Phase 2). Subjects were adults with CKD Stages 3 to 5 (Phase 1 n 5 30; Phase 2 n 5 47). Intervention: On a single day, participants (n 5 47) completed the SSQ, feasibility survey, 24-hour urine collection, and 24-hour food record. A diet history interview was also conducted to confirm sodium intake on the day of data collection reflected habitual intake. Main Outcome Measure: Validity of the SSQ score was confirmed by correlation with 24-hour urine sodium. Validity of a cutpoint on the SSQ score to correctly identify high- versus low-sodium consumers was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis: area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: Total SSQ score correlated significantly with 24-hour urine sodium (r 5 0.371; P 5 .031). Correlation between 24-hour food record and diet history sodium confirmed consumption on the data collection day reflected habitual intake (r 5 0.701; P # .001). A cutpoint of 65 or greater on the SSQ score was confirmed as valid to identify high-sodium consumers: area under the curve 0.713, sensitivity 61%, and specificity 82%. Conclusion: The SSQ is feasible and valid to assess habitual sodium intake in the Australian CKD population and to identify high high sodium consumers for referral to individualized counseling on a low-sodium diet.
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Journal Title
Journal of Renal Nutrition
Volume
24
Issue
2
Subject
Clinical sciences
Nutrition and dietetics
Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified