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  • Development and Validation of a Dietary Screening Tool for High Sodium Consumption in Australian Renal Patients

    Author(s)
    Mason, Belinda
    Ross, Lynda
    Gill, Emily
    Healy, Helen
    Juffs, Philip
    Kark, Adrian
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Ross, Lynda J.
    Year published
    2014
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Objective: The study objective was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and validity of a self-administered Scored Sodium Questionnaire (SSQ) for use in the routine clinical care of Australian chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Design and Methods: The study took place in community-based outreach clinics using a multidisciplinary model of care. Assessment of sources of dietary sodium intake in the target population used comprehensive diet history interviews (Phase 1) to inform development of a 10-item food frequency questionnaire that was scored and validated using 24-hour urinary sodium and 2 alternative dietary intake ...
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    Objective: The study objective was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and validity of a self-administered Scored Sodium Questionnaire (SSQ) for use in the routine clinical care of Australian chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Design and Methods: The study took place in community-based outreach clinics using a multidisciplinary model of care. Assessment of sources of dietary sodium intake in the target population used comprehensive diet history interviews (Phase 1) to inform development of a 10-item food frequency questionnaire that was scored and validated using 24-hour urinary sodium and 2 alternative dietary intake methods (Phase 2). Subjects were adults with CKD Stages 3 to 5 (Phase 1 n 5 30; Phase 2 n 5 47). Intervention: On a single day, participants (n 5 47) completed the SSQ, feasibility survey, 24-hour urine collection, and 24-hour food record. A diet history interview was also conducted to confirm sodium intake on the day of data collection reflected habitual intake. Main Outcome Measure: Validity of the SSQ score was confirmed by correlation with 24-hour urine sodium. Validity of a cutpoint on the SSQ score to correctly identify high- versus low-sodium consumers was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis: area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: Total SSQ score correlated significantly with 24-hour urine sodium (r 5 0.371; P 5 .031). Correlation between 24-hour food record and diet history sodium confirmed consumption on the data collection day reflected habitual intake (r 5 0.701; P # .001). A cutpoint of 65 or greater on the SSQ score was confirmed as valid to identify high-sodium consumers: area under the curve 0.713, sensitivity 61%, and specificity 82%. Conclusion: The SSQ is feasible and valid to assess habitual sodium intake in the Australian CKD population and to identify high high sodium consumers for referral to individualized counseling on a low-sodium diet.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Renal Nutrition
    Volume
    24
    Issue
    2
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2013.10.004
    Subject
    Clinical sciences
    Nutrition and dietetics
    Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/67124
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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