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dc.contributor.authorHardcastle, Sharni
dc.contributor.authorBrenu, Ekua
dc.contributor.authorJohnston, Samantha
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, Thao
dc.contributor.authorHuth, Teilah
dc.contributor.authorBaljit Singh, Manprit Kaur
dc.contributor.authorRamos, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorAriana, Armin
dc.contributor.authorStaines, Don
dc.contributor.authorMarshall-Gradisnik, Sonya
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-03T15:39:09Z
dc.date.available2017-05-03T15:39:09Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.issn2155-9899
dc.identifier.doi10.4172/2155-9899.1000190
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/68881
dc.description.abstractObjective: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a disabling illness, characterised by persistent, debilitating fatigue and a multitude of symptoms. Immunological alterations are prominent in CFS/ME cases, however little is known about the relationship between CFS/ME severity and the extent of immunological dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to assess innate and adaptive immune cell phenotypes and function of two groups of CFS/ME patients, bedridden (severe) and mobile (moderate). Methods: CFS/ME participants were defined using the Centres for Disease Prevention and Control (1994 CDC) Criteria for CFS/ME. Participants were grouped into healthy controls (n=22, age=40.14 ᠲ.38), moderate/ mobile (n=23; age=42.52 ᠲ.63) and severe/bedridden (n=18; age=39.56 ᠱ.51) CFS/ME patients. Flow cytometric protocols were used to examine neutrophil, monocyte, dendritic cells (DCs), iNKT, Treg, B, ?d and CD8+ T cell phenotypes, NK cytotoxic activity and receptors. Results: The present data found that CFS/ME patients demonstrated significant decreases in NK cytotoxic activity, transitional and regulatory B cells, ?d1T cells, KIR2DL1/DS1, CD94+ and KIR2DL2/L3. Significant increases in CD56- CD16+NKs, CD56dimCD16- and CD56brightCD16-/dim NKs, DCs, iNKT phenotypes, memory and naive B cells were also shown in CFS/ME participants. Severe CFS/ME patients demonstrated increased CD14- CD16+ DCs, memory and naﶥ B cells, total iNKT, iNKT cell and NK phenotypes compared to moderate CFS/ME patients. Conclusion: This study is the first to determine alterations in NK, iNKT, B, DC and ?d T cell phenotypes in both moderate and severe CFS/ME patients. Immunological alterations are present in innate and adaptive immune cells and sometimes, immune deregulation appears worse in CFS/ME patients with more severe symptoms. It may be appropriate for CFS/ME patient severity subgroups to be distinguished in both clinical and research settings to extricate further immunological pathologies that may not have been previously reported.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.description.publicationstatusYes
dc.format.extent1029868 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherOmics Publishing Group
dc.publisher.placeUnited States
dc.relation.ispartofstudentpublicationY
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom1000190-1
dc.relation.ispartofpageto1000190-9
dc.relation.ispartofissue1
dc.relation.ispartofjournalJournal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology
dc.relation.ispartofvolume5
dc.rights.retentionY
dc.subject.fieldofresearchCellular Immunology
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode110704
dc.titleAnalysis of the Relationship between Immune Dysfunction and Symptom Severity in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
gro.rights.copyright© 2014 Hardcastle SL, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
gro.hasfulltextFull Text
gro.griffith.authorStaines, Don R.
gro.griffith.authorAriana, Armin S.
gro.griffith.authorHardcastle, Sharni L.
gro.griffith.authorHuth, Teilah K.
gro.griffith.authorRamos, Sandra B.
gro.griffith.authorBaljit Singh, Manprit Kaur K.
gro.griffith.authorMarshall-Gradisnik, Sonya M.
gro.griffith.authorJohnston, Samantha
gro.griffith.authorBrenu, Ekua
gro.griffith.authorNguyen, Thao


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