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  • Antiquity and Diversity of Aboriginal Australian Y-Chromosomes

    Author(s)
    Nagle, Nano
    Ballantyne, Kaye N
    van Oven, Mannis
    Tyler-Smith, Chris
    Xue, Yali
    Taylor, Duncan
    Wilcox, Stephen
    Wilcox, Leah
    Turkalov, Rust
    van Oorschot, Roland AH
    McAllister, Peter
    Williams, Lesley
    Kayser, Manfred
    Mitchell, Robert J
    Griffith University Author(s)
    McAllister, Peter J.
    Year published
    2016
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Objective: Understanding the origins of Aboriginal Australians is crucial in reconstructing the evolution and spread of Homo sapiens as evidence suggests they represent the descendants of the earliest group to leave Africa. This study analyzed a large sample of Y‐chromosomes to answer questions relating to the migration routes of their ancestors, the age of Y‐haplogroups, date of colonization, as well as the extent of male‐specific variation. Methods: Knowledge of Y‐chromosome variation among Aboriginal Australians is extremely limited. This study examined Y‐SNP and Y‐STR variation among 657 self‐declared Aboriginal males ...
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    Objective: Understanding the origins of Aboriginal Australians is crucial in reconstructing the evolution and spread of Homo sapiens as evidence suggests they represent the descendants of the earliest group to leave Africa. This study analyzed a large sample of Y‐chromosomes to answer questions relating to the migration routes of their ancestors, the age of Y‐haplogroups, date of colonization, as well as the extent of male‐specific variation. Methods: Knowledge of Y‐chromosome variation among Aboriginal Australians is extremely limited. This study examined Y‐SNP and Y‐STR variation among 657 self‐declared Aboriginal males from locations across the continent. 17 Y‐STR loci and 47 Y‐SNPs spanning the Y‐chromosome phylogeny were typed in total. Results: The proportion of non‐indigenous Y‐chromosomes of assumed Eurasian origin was high, at 56%. Y lineages of indigenous Sahul origin belonged to haplogroups C‐M130*(xM8,M38,M217,M347) (1%), C‐M347 (19%), K‐M526*(xM147,P308,P79,P261,P256,M231,M175,M45,P202) (12%), S‐P308 (12%), and M‐M186 (0.9%). Haplogroups C‐M347, K‐M526*, and S‐P308 are Aboriginal Australian‐specific. Dating of C‐M347, K‐M526*, and S‐P308 indicates that all are at least 40,000 years old, confirming their long‐term presence in Australia. Haplogroup C‐M347 comprised at least three sub‐haplogroups: C‐DYS390.1del, C‐M210, and the unresolved paragroup C‐M347*(xDYS390.1del,M210). Conclusions: There was some geographic structure to the Y‐haplogroup variation, but most haplogroups were present throughout Australia. The age of the Australian‐specific Y‐haplogroups suggests New Guineans and Aboriginal Australians have been isolated for over 30,000 years, supporting findings based on mitochondrial DNA data. Our data support the hypothesis of more than one route (via New Guinea) for males entering Sahul some 50,000 years ago and give no support for colonization events during the Holocene, from either India or elsewhere. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:367–381, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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    Journal Title
    American Journal of Physical Anthropology
    Volume
    159
    Issue
    3
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22886
    Subject
    Evolutionary biology
    Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
    Anthropology
    Archaeology
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/99760
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    • Journal articles

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    • Gold Coast
    • Logan
    • Brisbane - Queensland, Australia
    First Peoples of Australia
    • Aboriginal
    • Torres Strait Islander