Griffith Research Online

Quantitative maps of five elements (Ba, Li, Pb, Sr, Zn) in 12 chimpanzee teeth, in support of Smith et al. (2024) Brief Communication: Trace Element Patterns in Juvenile Wild Chimpanzees. American Journal of Primatology (volume and page numbers forthcoming). Educational and research use permitted with attribution to the original manuscript and data url.

Questions: What role do soil seed banks play in the resilience of coastal freshwater wetland vegetation communities? How might soil seed bank composition and similarity to standing vegetation drive changes in vegetation expression, particularly given projected changes in climate? Location: Sixty wooded coastal freshwater wetlands in southeast Queensland, Australia Methods: We surveyed standing vegetation and investigated soil seed bank composition through an 8-month long emergence experiment. Results: Soil seed bank assemblages were dominated by forb and sedge species (23 % exotic), but composition varied throughout the study region. Spatial (north-south) and land use (urban-rural) gradients explained some variation in soil seed bank composition. Soil moisture and groundwater dependence also influenced species distributions, particularly for freshwater wetland species. Similarity of soil seed banks to standing vegetation was low. Species present in both extant and soil seed bank assemblages were commonly native wetland taxa, including one saltmarsh species (Juncus kraussii). Conclusions: Projected climatic changes will likely drive changes in coastal freshwater wetland vegetation communities through increases in the frequency and intensity of disturbances (e.g., storm surge). Our results suggest that regeneration from soil seed banks could promote four potential scenarios; 1) expansion of weed communities, 2) expansion of saltmarsh communities, 3) maintenance and expansion of wetland/terrestrial species, and 4) transformation to an unvegetated open water zone due to reduced regeneration success under changing conditions. These diverse vegetation futures highlight the vulnerability of wooded coastal freshwater wetlands and the need for research and management interventions to maintain their biodiversity and ecosystem services.

A facile route to spiro-γ-lactams containing fused seven- and five-membered rings is showcased here in a multicomponent reaction harnessing glycine. Four spiro-γ-lactams were characterised, including by X-ray diffraction techniques, showing them to be trapped unstable intermediates of the Strecker degradation. This hitherto unknown reaction pathway was investigated with mass spectrometry, revealing a plausible reaction mechanism.

Research question This study is a systematic literature review of career transition in high-performance sport, paving the way for sport management research to further a comprehensive advancement of this field in addressing ever-evolving athlete needs. The current review addresses gaps in the literature by synthesising the conceptual evolution of career transition literature and terminology, identifying the focus of career assistance programs (CAPs) and similar support programmes, and investigating trends in the theories, frameworks and models examining elite athlete career transition.

Research methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, 151 peer-reviewed articles from 1990 through the end of 2023 were systematically identified and analysed.

Results and Findings A clear conceptual shift from retirement to career transition is observed, with a strong focus on education pathways and terminology. Findings also show a strong education focus and a lack of assessing CAPS. The theoretical basis for career transition work is generally limited, with existing research drawing heavily from various psychological-based lenses.

Implications This research contributes a comprehensive roadmap to advance research on managing athletes’ successful transition into life beyond sport. It offers fruitful avenues for managing the evolution of career transition and how sport management perspectives may help better assess CAPs. It showcases the potential of sport management knowledge as a fresh lens to investigate career transition in high-performance sport.

Many countries are seeking to improve health care delivery by reviewing the roles of health professionals, including nurses. Developing new and more advanced roles for nurses could improve access to care in the face of a limited or diminishing supply of doctors and growing health care demand. The development of new nursing roles varies greatly from country to country. The United States and Canada established “nurse practitioners” (NPs) in the mid-1960s. The United Kingdom and Finland also have a long experience in using different forms of collaboration between doctors and nurses. In other countries, such as Australia, NPs were endorsed more recently in 2000. In France, Belgium, or Singapore, the formal recognition of advanced practice nurses is still in its infancy, whereas in other countries, such as Japan or China, advanced practice nurses are not licensed titles. The aims of this article were to define precisely what is meant by the term “advanced practice nurse (APN),” describe the state of development of APN roles, and review the main factors motivating the implementation of APN in different countries. Then, we examine the main factors that have hindered the development of APN roles. Finally, we explain the need for advanced practice roles in geriatrics.