Macrotextured Breast Implants with Defined Steps to Minimize Bacterial Contamination around the Device: Experience in 42,000 Implants

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Adams, William P
Culbertson, Eric J
Deva, Anand K
Magnusson, Mark R
Layt, Craig
Jewell, Mark L
Mallucci, Patrick
Heden, Per
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2017
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Background: Bacteria/biofilm on breast implant surfaces has been implicated in capsular contracture and breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). Macrotextured breast implants have been shown to harbor more bacteria than smooth or microtextured implants. Recent reports also suggest that macrotextured implants are associated with a significantly higher incidence of breast implant-associated ALCL. Using techniques to reduce the number of bacteria around implants, specifically, the 14-point plan, has successfully minimized the occurrence of capsular contracture. The authors hypothesize that a similar effect may be seen in reducing the risk of breast implant-associated ALCL. Methods: Pooled data from eight plastic surgeons assessed the use of macrotextured breast implants (Biocell and polyurethane) and known cases of breast implant-associated ALCL. Surgeon adherence to the 14-point plan was also analyzed. Results: A total of 42,035 Biocell implants were placed in 21,650 patients; mean follow-up was 11.7 years (range, 1 to 14 years). A total of 704 polyurethane implants were used, with a mean follow-up of 8.0 years (range, 1 to 20 years). The overall capsular contracture rate was 2.2 percent. There were no cases of implant-associated ALCL. All surgeons routinely performed all 13 perioperative components of the 14-point plan; two surgeons do not routinely prescribe prophylaxis for subsequent unrelated procedures. Conclusions: Mounting evidence implicates the role of a sustained T-cell response to implant bacteria/biofilm in the development of breast implant-associated ALCL. Using the principles of the 14-point plan to minimize bacterial load at the time of surgery, the development and subsequent sequelae of capsular contracture and breast implant-associated ALCL may be reduced, especially with higher-risk macrotextured implants.

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Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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140

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3

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Clinical sciences

Science & Technology

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Surgery

Cell Lymphoma

Capsular Contracture

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Adams, WP; Culbertson, EJ; Deva, AK; Magnusson, MR; Layt, C; Jewell, ML; Mallucci, P; Heden, P, Macrotextured Breast Implants with Defined Steps to Minimize Bacterial Contamination around the Device: Experience in 42,000 Implants, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2017, 140 (3), pp. 427-431

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