Future Research Directions on the "Elusive" White Shark
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Apps, Kirin
Becerril-Garcia, Edgar E
Bruce, Barry
Butcher, Paul A
Carlisle, Aaron B
Chapple, Taylor K
Christiansen, Heather M
Cliff, Geremy
Curtis, Tobey H
Daly-Engel, Toby S
Dewar, Heidi
Dicken, Matt L
Werry, Jonathan M
et al.
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Abstract
White sharks, Carcharodon carcharias, are often described as elusive, with little information available due to the logistical difficulties of studying large marine predators that make long-distance migrations across ocean basins. Increased understanding of aggregation patterns, combined with recent advances in technology have, however, facilitated a new breadth of studies revealing fresh insights into the biology and ecology of white sharks. Although we may no longer be able to refer to the white shark as a little-known, elusive species, there remain numerous key questions that warrant investigation and research focus. Although white sharks have separate populations, they seemingly share similar biological and ecological traits across their global distribution. Yet, white shark’s behavior and migratory patterns can widely differ, which makes formalizing similarities across its distribution challenging. Prioritization of research questions is important to maximize limited resources because white sharks are naturally low in abundance and play important regulatory roles in the ecosystem. Here, we consulted 43 white shark experts to identify these issues. The questions listed and developed here provide a global road map for future research on white sharks to advance progress toward key goals that are informed by the needs of the research community and resource managers.
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Frontiers in Marine Science
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5
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Copyright © 2018 Huveneers, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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Oceanography
Biological oceanography
Ecology