Calcium channels and iron metabolism: A redox catastrophe in Parkinson's disease and an innovative path to novel therapies?

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Boag, Matthew K
Ma, Linlin
Mellick, George D
Pountney, Dean L
Feng, Yunjiang
Quinn, Ronald J
Liew, Alan Wee-Chung
Dharmasivam, Mahendiran
Azad, Mahan Gholam
Afroz, Rizwana
Richardson, Des R
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2021
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Abstract

Autonomously spiking dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are exquisitely specialized and suffer toxic iron-loading in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the molecular mechanism involved remains unclear and critical to decipher for designing new PD therapeutics. The long-lasting (L-type) CaV1.3 voltage-gated calcium channel is expressed at high levels amongst nigral neurons of the SNpc, and due to its role in calcium and iron influx, could play a role in the pathogenesis of PD. Neuronal iron uptake via this route could be unregulated under the pathological setting of PD and potentiate cellular stress due to its redox activity. This Commentary will focus on the role of the CaV1.3 channels in calcium and iron uptake in the context of pharmacological targeting. Prospectively, the audacious use of artificial intelligence to design innovative CaV1.3 channel inhibitors could lead to breakthrough pharmaceuticals that attenuate calcium and iron entry to ameliorate PD pathology.

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Redox Biology

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47

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© 2021 The Authors.Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, providing that the work is properly cited.

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Neurology and neuromuscular diseases

Clinical sciences

Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences

Biochemistry and cell biology

Medical biochemistry and metabolomics

Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

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Boag, MK; Ma, L; Mellick, GD; Pountney, DL; Feng, Y; Quinn, RJ; Liew, AW-C; Dharmasivam, M; Azad, MG; Afroz, R; Richardson, DR, Calcium channels and iron metabolism: A redox catastrophe in Parkinson's disease and an innovative path to novel therapies?, Redox Biology, 2021, 47, pp. 102136

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