Bone collagen from subtropical Australia is preserved for more than 50,000 years

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Peters, C
Wang, Y
Vakil, V
Cramb, J
Dortch, J
Hocknull, S
Lawrence, R
Manne, T
Monks, C
Rössner, GE
Ryan, H
Siversson, M
Ziegler, T
Louys, J
Price, GJ
et al.
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2023
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Abstract

Ancient protein studies have demonstrated their utility for looking at a wide range of evolutionary and historical questions. The majority of palaeoproteomics studies to date have been restricted to high latitudes with relatively temperate environments. A better understanding of protein preservation at lower latitudes is critical for disentangling the mechanisms involved in the deep-time survival of ancient proteins, and for broadening the geographical applicability of palaeoproteomics. In this study, we aim to assess the level of collagen preservation in the Australian fossil record. Collagen preservation was systematically examined using a combination of thermal age estimates, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry, and protein deamidation calculations. We reveal unexpected subtropical survival of collagen in bones more than 50 thousand years old, showing that protein preservation can exceed chemical predictions of collagen survival in bone. These findings challenge preconceptions concerning the suitability of palaeoproteomics in subtropical Pleistocene environments. We explore potential causes of this unexpected result to identify the underlying mechanisms leading to this exceptional preservation. This study serves as a starting point for the analysis of ancient proteins in other (sub)tropical contexts, and at deeper timescales.

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Communications Earth and Environment

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4

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© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Earth sciences

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Peters, C; Wang, Y; Vakil, V; Cramb, J; Dortch, J; Hocknull, S; Lawrence, R; Manne, T; Monks, C; Rössner, GE; Ryan, H; Siversson, M; Ziegler, T; Louys, J; Price, GJ; et al., Bone collagen from subtropical Australia is preserved for more than 50,000 years, Communications Earth and Environment, 2023, 4, pp. 438

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