For tens of thousands of years prior to European invasion and settlement, the ancestors of today’s Traditional Owners of the Mitchell catchment socialised the landscapes of the region as they managed land and water, fulfilled custodial responsibilities under customary law and maintained an economic system that sustained their way of life. This active management by Traditional Owners continues in many localities today, albeit under constrained conditions. As one example, Traditional Owners’ expertise in savanna fire management has abated carbon emissions and generated an average of $3.5 million annually across the Mitchell catchment over the past eight years through supply of global climate regulating services. Whilst acknowledging conceptual misalignments, it is important to recognise that Ecosystem Accounts provide a potential opportunity for documenting and reporting the contribution of Indigenous Traditional Owners in managing Country in ways that enhance supply of many ecosystem services that benefit human society. Ecosystem Accounts also have the potential to track changes in ecosystem condition and the multiple pressures that affect condition. This could be particularly relevant for Indigenous communities because of their strong relationship with and dependence upon Country and the emergence of contemporary Indigenous natural resource management in Australia over the last three decades in which traditional knowledge and mainstream science are combined.