From Design to Clinic: Engineered Nanobiomaterials for Immune Normalization Therapy of Cancer
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Chen, F
Ye, J
Shi, Y
Lammers, T
De Geest, BG
Xu, ZP
Yu, H
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Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is comprised of a complex milieu that contributes to stunting antitumor immune responses by restricting T cells to accumulate in the vicinity of the tumor. Nanomedicine-based strategies are being proposed as a salvage effort to reinvigorate antitumor immunity. Various strategies, however, often fail to unleash the antitumor immune response because of the paucity of appropriate therapeutic targets in the complex TIME, invigorating a fervor of investigation into mechanisms underlying the TIME to resist nanomedicines. In this review article, effective nano/biomaterial-based delivery and TIME normalization approaches that promote T cell-mediated antitumor immune response will be discussed, with a focus on emerging preclinical and clinical strategies for immune normalization. Based on currently available evidence, it seems as if the ultimate success of cancer immunotherapy and nanomedicine hinges on the capacity to normalize the TIME. Here, how nanomedicines target immunosuppressive cells and signaling pathways to broaden the impact of cancer immunotherapy are explored. Acquisition of the urgently needed knowledge of nanomedicine-mediated immune normalization will guide researchers and scientists towards clinical applications of cancer immunotherapy.
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Advanced Materials
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33
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30
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© 2021. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Saeed, M., Chen, F., Ye, J., Shi, Y., Lammers, T., De, B. G., Xu, Z. P., Yu, H., From Design to Clinic: Engineered Nanobiomaterials for Immune Normalization Therapy of Cancer. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2008094, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008094. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
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Subject
Nanobiotechnology
Oncology and carcinogenesis
Biomedical engineering
Immunology
Chemical sciences
Engineering
Physical sciences
clinical translation
nanobiomaterials
nanovaccines
normalization cancer immunotherapy
primary and adaptive resistance
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Saeed, M; Chen, F; Ye, J; Shi, Y; Lammers, T; De Geest, BG; Xu, ZP; Yu, H, From Design to Clinic: Engineered Nanobiomaterials for Immune Normalization Therapy of Cancer, Advanced Materials, 2021, 33 (30), pp. e2008094