BACKGROUND: Keratinocyte cancer (KC) in Australia poses a unique healthcare challenge due to its high prevalence and the requirement for multidisciplinary management of many cases. Advances in radiation therapy (RT) have increased its use in treating different keratinocyte cancer presentations. Understanding the indications for RT and the role that general practitioners (GPs) play in the treatment pathway are imperative to ensure best patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This review examined the efficacy, advances and treatment considerations of RT for the management of keratinocyte cancer, and role of the GP in the treatment pathway. DISCUSSION: Radiation therapy offers effective alternatives to, or adjuvants for, surgery in existing keratinocyte cancer treatments in appropriate cases. The evolving RT landscape necessitates GPs to be well informed for effective case identification, referral and management. This includes understanding RT advances, protocols, treatment reactions and managing patient expectations. Continuing education in this space is important for GPs to understand the suitability of RT for their patients.