Bioimaging of c2c12 muscle myoblasts using fluorescent carbon quantum dots synthesized from bread
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Karakkat, JV
Truskewycz, A
Saedi, AA
Joseph, P
Apostolopoulos, V
Nurgali, K
Cole, I
Cai, Z
Lai, DTH
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Abstract
Biocompatible carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have recently attracted increased interest in biomedical imaging owing to their advantageous photoluminescence properties. Numerous precursors of fluorescent CQDs and various fabrication procedures are also reported in the literature. However; the use of concentrated mineral acids and other corrosive chemicals during the fabrication process curtails their biocompatibility and severely limits the utilization of the products in cell bio-imaging. In this study; a facile; fast; and cost-effective synthetic route is employed to fabricate CQDs from a natural organic resource; namely bread; where the use of any toxic chemicals is eliminated. Thus; the novel chemical-free technique facilitated the production of luminescent CQDs that were endowed with low cytotoxicity and; therefore; suitable candidates for bioimaging sensors. The above mentioned amorphous CQDs also exhibited fluorescence over 360–420 nm excitation wavelengths; and with a broad emission range of 360–600 nm. We have also shown that the CQDs were well internalized by muscle myoblasts (C2C12) and differentiated myotubes; the cell lines which have not been reported before.
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Nanomaterials
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10
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8
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© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Materials engineering
Nanotechnology
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Anpalagan, KK; Karakkat, JV; Truskewycz, A; Saedi, AA; Joseph, P; Apostolopoulos, V; Nurgali, K; Cole, I; Cai, Z; Lai, DTH, Bioimaging of c2c12 muscle myoblasts using fluorescent carbon quantum dots synthesized from bread, Nanomaterials, 2020, 10 (8), pp. 1575