The case of Casa Real in Ritidian is a microcosm of the interaction between the Spanish missionaries and the Chamorros on Guam, during the tenuous Contact Period. Through historical accounts and archaeological investigations, the possible foundation of a lost 17th Century church was located. Building the church in Ritidian changed the spatial and spiritual valuation of the land. This was intentional on the part of the Spaniards, as part of the process of la reducción. The Spanish material, technological, and policy introductions irreversibly transformed the local culture. Among the artefacts recovered were the stone and mortar construction material (mampostería), a brick fragment, and trade-ware porcelain. At a native residence nearby were found porcelain sherds and iron, as well as gender-specific work areas. The demise of the first church in Ritidian began because a Spanish missionary attempted to impose a Christian moral code over a cultural norm. Indications of resistance or conflict provide insight into how the Chamorros felt about the changes introduced by the Spaniards. Human bone spearheads found on the site are evidence of violence, and possibly resistance to the Spaniards during this period. By the end of the Chamorro Revolt of 1698, the whole northern population of the island of Guam was removed to southern villages.