The energy management of a microgrid becomes complex due to a number of reasons, including intermittent power generation, unpredictable load demand and variable real-time electricity prices. In this paper, different energy management schemes, such as real-time and scheduling, are analysed under uncertain environments to demonstrate their effectiveness in managing a microgrid's energy. Optimisation problems are first formulated, then separate solution methods using particle swarm optimisation algorithms are applied to efficiently manage the microgrid's energy. It is observed that the scheduling program in all the case studies can reduce the operational costs significantly.