India favours a multipolar world order. For more than seven decades, New Delhi’s policy elite have argued that such an order, in which power was distributed between several major powers, would be more stable, peaceful, and equitable, and more amenable to India’s interests and values. India was frustrated during the Cold War, however, when two superpowers emerged to dominate the international system and then concerned when a unipolar order replaced bipolarity after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Moreover, India’s troubled relationship with China has repeatedly driven New Delhi to align the country with other major powers and complicating the process of realising multipolarity. This chapter analyses India’s frustrated pursuit of a multipolar order, undermined by a lack of relative power and the challenge of managing ties with its sometimes-hostile northern neighbour.