Continuous economic growth is a key assumption underpinning global financial, economic and social systems, also those related to tourism. Nowhere is this mantra of growth, opportunity and prosperity more evident than in the case of the most populous city Dubai, which -with its iconic architecture and impressive development projects - has emerged as one of the leading tourist destinations in the world. However, assessments of past and future growth rarely take into account the scarcity of natural resources -oil in particular -without which growth, globalization and mobility cannot continue to the extent witnessed to date. The global peaking of cheap oil resources will force tourist destinations, such as Dubai, to radically rethink their economic and social structures, and the role of tourism in these. This chapter explores four possible pathways for Dubai under the assumption of near-term peak oil. It concludes by reminding the reader that the example of Dubai may represent an extreme form -but it offers relevant lessons for other tourist destinations around.the world.