The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BONITmatrixnd OSSA NOVA on the expression of growth factors and osteogenic differentiation. For this purpose, the mRNA expression of VEGF, IGF1, IGF2, collagen-1, collagen-2 and MMP8 was analysed in surgically created defects on the crania of adult male rats. Cranial samples were collected after implantation of BONITmatrixr OSSA NOVA scaffolds for 4 weeks and determinations of gene expression were performed by quantitative RT-PCR. Real-time RT-PCR analyses showed a significantly higher expression of IGF1 in both groups treated with BONITmatrixnd OSSA NOVA compared to untreated controls, whereas type I collagen mRNA expression only increased in BONITmatrixreated rats compared to controls. No changes in transcript expression of IGF2, VEGF, collagen-2 and MMP8 were detectable between the analysed groups. In conclusion, BONITmatrixnd OSSA NOVA stimulate the expression of growth factor IGF1, but only the granular dosage form is able to stimulate osteoblast differentiation.