The present study investigates internal and external fac tors that influence participation in recreational activities. The relationship between motivation, constraint negotiation, and behavioral involvement was examined using the concept of internalization. Data was collected from volleyball and aerobic dance class participants (N=169) using a survey. Analysis reveals the level of motivation provides the push to participate but continued involvement depends upon negotiating perceived constraints. Internalization was observed to mediate both motivation and constrain negotiation. The results illustrate the theoretical and practical value of studying constraints and internalization to increase adoption and adherence to physical activity and exercise.