Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rising global health concern that requires long-term treatment and close monitoring. As a behaviour-directed intervention, telemonitoring has shown promising results in facilitating patient-physician interaction and improving treatment adherence among patients with chronic disease. However, there is lack of evidence about its use in T2DM. This thesis aims to address this gap by analysing the impact of treatment adherence, which is a key self-care behaviour in patients with a chronic illness, on glycaemic control and the overall effectiveness of telemonitoring in T2DM management. [...]