This chapter provides an in-depth discussion and analysis of critical thinking in midwifery practice. It discusses a multi-method approach to the measurement of critical thinking. Critical thinking skills are essential to guide and assist in decision-making in everyday life. A pioneering Delphi study by the American Philosophical Association produced an international expert consensus definition of critical thinking. Critical thinking underpins independent and interdependent decision-making. To promote greater understanding of the uniqueness and complexity of critical thinking in midwifery practice, a conceptual model was developed. Sally is a primigravida and accessing a midwifery-led model of care. Critical thinking within this element involves examination of others’ practices. Through psychometric testing of each individual tool, all three were found to be reliable and valid measures of critical thinking skills in midwifery practice. The provision of autonomous, safe, evidence-informed, woman-centred midwifery care requires technical expertise and highly developed critical thinking skills that inform midwifery decision-making.