Sustainable forests are productive, multifunctional, and evolving renewable resources that can meet ever-changing needs. Investing in sustainable forests represents a global investment in social-ecological resilience because forests are capable of soil and water conservation, carbon sequestration, providing habitats, and supporting livelihoods. While the Sustainable Development Goal 15 promotes the sustainable management of all types of forests, including the restoration of degraded ecosystems to substantially increase reforestation globally, deforestation rates continue to increase worldwide. In particular, within developing countries there is often significant pressure on forests to accommodate intense population growth and support local livelihoods dependent on forest products. Hence, improved forest management initiatives are paramount. Remote sensing is recognized as an effective monitoring tool for forest sustainability. This technology is used for mapping vegetation cover and detecting deforestation and degradation from local to global scales. This chapter discusses remote sensing technology, its applications to forest studies, and how significant advances in open data policy and cloud computing over the last decade provide opportunities for developing countries to use remote sensing to map and monitor forest extent and structure, and thereby assist sustainable forest management goals.