Articulated vehicle trains consists of a semitrailer tractor and a semitrailer. The power performance and the fuel economy are key indicators in practical cargo transportation, resulting from the matching performance in the transmission system, being relative and restricted to each other. The indicators on evaluation and test methods are put forward depending on the analyses on factors of power performance and fuel economy. The weights of factors are defined by analytic hierarchy process, and the model on power performance and fuel economy of articulated vehicle trains are established and verified by practicing on real road tests. The evaluation model is serving as an indicator on matching power performance and fuel economy of articulated vehicle trains and an important indicator in assembling articulated vehicle trains for road cargo transport enterprises.