This research examined the validity of the Performance Environment Perception Scales (PEPS), a new instrument designed to assess performance-relevant aspects of the work environment. A sample of 156 employees of an Australian university completed the PEPS and their supervisors rated their task and citizenship performance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed the PEPS to have a valid factor structure, and the PEPS were found to be significantly correlated with citizenship performance, but not with task performance. Although this finding is consistent with theoretical predictions, the PEPS are apparently the first measures of work environment perceptions that have confirmed this. Thus the PEPS show promise as measures for use in future research and organizational development projects that focus on relationships between the work environment and performance. Limitations of the research and implications for the validity of the PEPS, as well as for future research and practice, are discussed.