When two wongari (dingoes) killed a young boy on K’gari (formerly Fraser Island) in April 2001, the management of dingoes on the island was dramatically thrust into public attention. Since this tragedy, and despite millions of dollars being spent on dingo management, 126 dingoes destroyed, a recognised, best-practice interpretive and visitor education program, along with myriad other approaches all aimed at minimising the threat dingoes pose to human safety, serious incidents, although rare, remain stubbornly persistent. At the same time, the K’gari dingo population is recognised as exemplary of pre-European colonisation and of great conservation importance. It is also a relatively small, geographically isolated population, at greater risk of extinction compared to mainland populations. It is unclear how or to what extent conflict in the form of negative interactions and resultant management approaches such as culling and destruction for risk management purposes impacts the persistence of the population. The research presented here explores these juxtaposed issues using a variety of methodologies drawn from different disciplines to obtain knowledge that helps to better explain incident dynamics, dingo intent during serious incidents and factors influencing long-term population survival. It also explores practical, non-lethal approaches to managing interaction behaviour on the part of dingoes and encouraging coexistence. [...]