Background: Despite the commonality of cough and its burden, there are no published data on the relationship between atopy or sex on objectively measured cough frequency or subjective cough scores in children. In 202 children with and without cough, we determined the effect of sex and atopy on validated cough outcome measurements (cough receptor sensitivity [CRS], objective cough counts, and cough scores). We hypothesized that in contrast to adult data, sex does not infl uence cough outcome measures, and atopy is not a determinant of these cough measurements. Methods: We combined data from four previous studies. Atopy (skin prick test), the concentration of capsaicin causing two and fi ve or more coughs (C2 and C5, respectively), objectively measured cough frequency, and cough scores were determined and their relationship explored. The children’s (93 girls, 109 boys) mean age was 10.6 years (SD 2.9), and 56% had atopy. Results: In multivariate analysis, CRS was infl uenced by age (C2 coeffi cient, 5.9; P 5 .034; C5 coeffi cient, 29.1; P 5 .0001). Atopy and sex did not signifi cantly infl uence any of the cough outcomes (cough counts, C2, C5, cough score) in control subjects and children with cough. Conclusions: Atopy does not infl uence important cough outcome measures in children with and without chronic cough. However, age, but not sex, infl uences CRS in children. Unlike adult data, sex does not affect objective counts or cough score in children with and without chronic cough. Studies on cough in children should be age matched, but matching for atopic status and sex is less important.