The evolution of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have enabled better treatment outcomes for tissue reconstruction, although several shortcomings remain. To enhance the bioactivity and functionality of biomaterials for tissue regeneration, cell membrane coating technology has been proposed as an ideal approach to endow traditional synthetic materials with greater biological functionality. An overview of recent advances in cell membrane-coated materials for tissue regeneration is presented in this review, summarizing the methodologies used to construct cell membrane-coated materials, including physical, chemical, and biological engineering of cell membranes. Cell membrane-coated materials used in different stages of tissue regeneration are discussed, along with anti-infection, immunomodulation, impact on cell proliferation and differentiation, regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, and limitations and challenges in developing cell membrane-based therapeutics.