Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia, M. tetraphylla and hybrids) is an evergreen tree-nut crop that originated on the subtropical east coast of Australia. World macadamia production was over 66,000 tons of kernels in 2021, with Australia, South Africa and Kenya being the leading producers. Nut yield and kernel quality are often sub-optimal in macadamia orchards, and inefficient pollination and poor crop nutrition have been identified as potential productivity barriers. Supplementary cross-pollination, compared with natural open-pollination, in orchards can increase macadamia fruit set, fruitlet retention and nut quality. Plant nutrient levels can also affect tree yield and nut quality by influencing pollination success, fruitlet retention and fruit growth. This thesis aimed to maximise the productivity of commercial orchards by understanding the effects of pollination and crop nutrition on macadamia yield and nut quality. The thesis also aimed to evaluate the capacity of hyperspectral imaging to predict crop nutrition. [...]