This thesis details the study of immunosuppressant-related cancer risks in two major renal conditions required long-term immunosuppressants; renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and individuals with glomerular diseases (GD). This study was conducted in the Central and Central West Queensland region which is ranked as the highest in the nation for obesity and smoking. RTRs and patients with GD are at risk of developing cancers because of high ultraviolet (UV) index in the region and exposure to long-term immunosuppressant. The former is treated with a more intense immunosuppressive therapy for a longer duration compared to the latter. All RTRs received a formal education at the transplant seminar prior to immunosuppressant use concerning risks of skin cancer and prevention. In contrast, patients with GD did not receive any formal education when immunosuppressants were commenced. [...]