Effects of iron and manganese concentration and their ratio on cell growth and cylindrospermopsin production of the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii.
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Garnett, C.
Hargreaves, M.
Shaw, Glendon Reginald
Senogles, P.J.
Smith, M.J.
Eaglesham, G.
Mueller, J.
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Hallegraeff, G. M.
Blackburn, S. I.
Bolch, C. J.
Lewis, R. J.
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Abstract
The fresh water cyanobacterium Anabaena circinalis produces saxitoxin (STX) and several other toxins with similar basic structural skeleton. Collectively, these toxins are known as Paralytic Shellfish Poisons or PSPs. These toxins are water soluble and can escape into the water body after cell lysis. The presence of these toxins in drinking water is a serious threat to human health. The present work has shown that Paralytic Shellfish Poisons (PSPs) in drinking water can be removed by chlorination at high pH (>9.0), provided a residual of 0.5 mg/L of free chlorine is present after 30 minutes of contact time.
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© 2002 ISSH. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the conference's website for access to the definitive, published version.
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PRE2009-Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety