Human Herpesvirus 8 in Australia: DNAemia and Cumulative Exposure in Blood Donors

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Speicher, David J
Fryk, Jesse J
Kashchuk, Victoria
Faddy, Helen M
Johnson, Newell W
Griffith University Author(s)
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2022
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Abstract

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the causative agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma, multicentric Castleman’s disease and primary effusion lymphoma, predominantly manifests in immunocompromised individuals. However, infection in immunocompetent individuals does occur. The prevalence of HHV-8 exposure in blood donors from non-endemic countries ranges between 1.2% and 7.3%. Nothing was known about the prevalence in Australian blood donors. Therefore, this study investigated the active and cumulative exposure of HHV-8 in this cohort. Plasma samples (n = 480) were collected from eastern Australian blood donors and were tested for HHV-8 DNA by qPCR, and for HHV-8 antibodies by two different ELISAs. Samples initially positive on either ELISA were retested in duplicate on both, and on a mock-coated ELISA. Any samples positive two or three out of the three times tested on at least one ELISA, and repeat negative on the mock-coated ELISA, were assigned as repeat positive. None of the 480 samples tested contained HHV-8 DNA. Serological testing revealed 28 samples (5.83%; 95% CI: 3.74–7.93%) had antibodies to HHV-8. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in seropositivity between sex or with increasing age. This is the first study to show serological evidence of cumulative HHV-8 exposure and no HHV-8 DNAemia within a select blood donor population in Australia. Our molecular and serological data is consistent with published results for blood donors residing in HHV-8 non-endemic countries, which shows the prevalence to be very low.

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Viruses

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14

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10

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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Virology

Public health

Science & Technology

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Virology

human herpesvirus 8

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

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Speicher, DJ; Fryk, JJ; Kashchuk, V; Faddy, HM; Johnson, NW, Human Herpesvirus 8 in Australia: DNAemia and Cumulative Exposure in Blood Donors, Viruses, 2022, 14 (10), pp. 2185

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