A bundled phosphate control intervention (4Ds) for adults with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis: A cluster randomized controlled trial
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Douglas, Clint
Bonner, Ann
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Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of a bundled self-management intervention (taking control of your phosphate with the 4Ds) to improve phosphate control among adults receiving haemodialysis. BACKGROUND: Hyperphosphataemia occurs in end-stage kidney disease and is managed by diet, drinks, drugs (phosphate binder medication), and dialysis (the 4Ds). Adherence to the 4Ds is challenging for patients. DESIGN: A pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial with repeated measures. METHODS: Participants were adults receiving haemodialysis with high serum phosphate (>1.6 mmol/L for at least 3 months) recruited between August 2017 -May 2018. Cluster randomization was according to haemodialysis treatment shifts. The 'teach-back' intervention was designed to improve phosphate control. Expected outcomes were reduced serum phosphate and increased knowledge of phosphate in end-stage kidney disease, self-efficacy and adherence to diet, drugs, and dialysis. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups at baseline. Both groups had similar mean serum phosphate over time; at three months, 46% of the intervention group achieved reductions that met the target serum phosphate level compared with 33% of the control group. There were significant improvements in knowledge of phosphate in end-stage kidney disease, self-efficacy and adherence to diet, drugs, and dialysis (missing) in the intervention group compared with control group. CONCLUSION: The 4Ds, a bundled self-management intervention, was effective in improving patient confidence and adherence to phosphate control methods. IMPACT: The 4Ds intervention bundles together four essential strategies for preventing and controlling hyperphosphataemia in end-stage kidney disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12617000703303 Registered 16/05/2017.
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Journal of Advanced Nursing
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© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: A bundled phosphate control intervention (4Ds) for adults with end‐stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis: A cluster randomized controlled trial, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2020, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14700. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving (http://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-828039.html)
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Subject
Nursing
adherence
end-stage kidney disease
haemodialysis
knowledge
nursing
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Milazi, M; Douglas, C; Bonner, A, A bundled phosphate control intervention (4Ds) for adults with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis: A cluster randomized controlled trial, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2020