Throughout its five-year term, Australia’s landmark Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse brought the problem of institutional child sexual abuse to the fore. Despite its increased recognition, however, there remains a dearth of Australian research on the topic. This is especially true for adult perpetration in contemporary educational institutions. An emergent development in international studies on abuse in school settings has been the examination of women’s perpetration, which was largely neglected during the Royal Commission. This thesis contributes to these gaps in the Australian context. Namely, it advances the knowledge base about adult-perpetrated sexual abuse of adolescents in schools, with a focus on female perpetration and potential gender bias. Based on the research results, recommendations are also developed to strengthen the capacity of educational institutions to recognise, respond to, and prevent the problem. The thesis draws on three data sources: (a) a unique administrative dataset derived from an Australian jurisdiction’s ‘reportable conduct scheme’ over a recent five-year period (2015–2019; N = 809); (b) publicly available legal documents (N = 19); and (c) expert interviews (N = 8). Guided by an environmental criminology theoretical framework, it comprises three studies.