The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a challenging environment for human resource management (HRM) practices, and clearly highlighted the benefits of prioritising employee wellbeing. The workplace disruptions caused by the pandemic continue to reverberate, via discussions of best practices for effective management of employees and their wellbeing within the post-pandemic era. Workplace changes implemented throughout the pandemic reflect the growing emphasis on HRM practices, increasingly focused on directly enhancing human capital. The positive and negative implications of these HRM responses have impacts for work productivity and equality, technology use, supervision practices, training, and teamwork. This chapter discusses the impact of the pandemic and its aftermaths for different key groups of workers: healthcare workers, non-essential workers, working parents, female workers, younger workers, remote workers, and gig workers. We also discuss the changes to formal strategies for protecting employees’ psychological wellbeing that were impacted by the pandemic.