An approach to analyzing experimental data on the size distribution and concentrations of atmo spheric aerosol particles and meteorological parameters by using the flicker noise spectroscopy is proposed. This approach makes it possible to identify the character of evolution of the measured parameters due to the processes underlying their variation, to trace the relationship between measured quantities, and, based on this, to determine the mechanisms of interactions between aerosol particles and gaseous components of the atmosphere. As an example, the behavior of the concentration, average particle size, and relative humidity of the atmosphere is examined. Atmospheric measurements were carried out at the recreation center in Tishk ovo (Moscow Region). The proposed approach may prove useful in solving ecological and environmental problems.