The inherent complexity of social–ecological systems (SES) can make them difficult to understand and manage, particularly with regards to human–wildlife issues such as poaching. This study uses an approach to human ecology that uses conceptual models and templates within feedback-guided analysis to analyze the complex relationship between ecotourism and poaching in a marine protected area in the Dominican Republic. Our findings show that the application of these templates through a sequenced process is advantageous as it: (i) enables a comprehensive understanding of SES; (ii) helps manage complexity as a system; and (iii) allows researchers to identify the feedback structures driving human–environment interactions that may perpetuate ecosystem decline. These benefits represent a valuable starting point for more comprehensive policy-making and management.