Industrial Relations (IR) is a multi-faceted subject area involving the study of all aspects of the employment relationship. While employers and employees are the direct parties to this relationship, for many reasons IR also includes third parties, such as unions, employer bodies, tribunals, and bodies that enact labour laws. These institutions assist the parties to resolve workplace conflict, which is an inherent, if not ever-present, element of the relationship. The study of IR has evolved alongside important changes in the nature of employment, which include greater ‘casualisation’ of employment such as part-time and casual work; and more recently the advent of gig and platform work threatens to further, if not fundamentally, disrupt the traditional permanent nature of employment.