The effect of question type on resistance to misinformation about present and absent details

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Brubacher, Sonja P
Sharman, Stefanie J
Scoboria, Alan
Powell, Martine B
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2020
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Abstract

The typical misinformation effect shows that accuracy is lower for details about which people received misleading compared to non‐misleading (control) information. In two experiments, we examined the misinformation effect for non‐witnessed details (i.e., absent). Three question types introduced control, misleading, and absent details (closed, closed‐detailed, and open questions) about a mock burglary video. On this misinformation test, participants' reports of absent details were less accurate than control details only when they were introduced using open questions. Misinformation effects in a subsequent recognition test were present for misleading details in both experiments, but for absent details only in Experiment 2. Experiment 2 also revealed that participants who avoided answering open questions containing misleading and absent details had more accurate memories for these details on the subsequent recognition test than participants who answered these questions. In both experiments, confidence was lowest for absent details. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

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Applied Cognitive Psychology

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© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: The effect of question type on resistance to misinformation about present and absent details, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2020, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3742. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving (http://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-828039.html)

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Marketing

Psychology

Cognitive and computational psychology

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Brubacher, SP; Sharman, SJ; Scoboria, A; Powell, MB, The effect of question type on resistance to misinformation about present and absent details, Applied Cognitive Psychology

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