A decade ago, in an editorial for the Medical Journal of Australia, the outgoing RANZCP President encouraged Australian doctors to treat their junior colleagues with the same compassion that they show their patients.1 She warned that replacing apprenticeship-based training models with competency-based programs risked greater trainee stress due to increased scrutiny and a higher frequency of assessment. She argued that trainees might become caught up in a complex system where the training requirements conflict with workplace demands.1 The RANZCP Competency-Based Fellowship Program (CBFP) commenced in December 2012, and the first cohort of trainees completing training under this program graduated in 2017/2018.