Identification of Axinellamines A and B as Anti-Tubercular Agents
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Tan, Lendl
Hayes, Sasha
Whyte, Hayden
Davis, Rohan A
West, Nicholas P
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Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a significant global health pandemic. There is an urgent need for new anti-tubercular agents to combat the rising incidence of drug resistance and to offer effective and additive therapeutic options. High-throughput screening of a subset of the NatureBank marine fraction library (n = 2000) identified a sample derived from an Australian marine sponge belonging to the order Haplosclerida that displayed promising anti-mycobacterial activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract from this Haplosclerida sponge led to the purification of previously identified antimicrobial pyrrole alkaloids, axinellamines A (1) and B (2). The axinellamine compounds were found to have a 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of 18 µM and 15 µM, respectively. The removal of protein and complex carbon sources reduced the MIC90 of 1 and 2 to 0.6 and 0.8 µM, respectively. The axinellamines were not toxic to mammalian cells at 25 µM and significantly reduced the intracellular bacterial load by >5-fold. These data demonstrate that axinellamines A and B are effective anti-tubercular agents and promising targets for future medicinal chemistry efforts.
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Marine Drugs
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22
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7
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LE0668477
LE140100119
LE0237908
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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Respiratory diseases
Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Physical chemistry
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Strong, EJ; Tan, L; Hayes, S; Whyte, H; Davis, RA; West, NP, Identification of Axinellamines A and B as Anti-Tubercular Agents, Marine Drugs, 2024, 22 (7), pp. 298