In this work, the near infrared spectroscopy method has been successfully designed to determine the diesel density and refractive index by use of 93 representative diesel samples. The multiple linear regression method was chosen to establish the calibration model, and 17 samples were used to verify the calibration model. It was observed that the paired t test statistic (refractive index 1.03, density 0.10) is less than the significance level of 0.05 t distribution (2.12). The repeatability of the near infrared spectroscopy method is better than the standard method. Therefore the near infrared spectroscopy method to determine the diesel density and refractive index is feasible.