Esophageal and esophagogastric adenocarcinoma is highly prevalent in the Western populations and is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is rapidly rising in the Western populations. The major predisposing diseases and pathogenesis (gastro-esophageal reflux disease, Barrett esophagus, and dysplasia) of the cancer are well known. There is an urgent need for works of the multidisciplinary teams (clinical, pathological, the molecular biology and translational research) for improved outcomes of patients with this cancer.