Meta-analysis of natural killer cell cytotoxicity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
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Eaton-Fitch, N
Marshall-Gradisnik, S
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Abstract
Reduced natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity is the most consistent immune finding in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Meta-analysis of the published literature determined the effect size of the decrement in ME/CFS. Databases were screened for papers comparing NK cell cytotoxicity in ME/CFS and healthy controls. A total of 28 papers and 55 effector:target cell ratio (E:T) data points were collected. Cytotoxicity in ME/CFS was significantly reduced to about half of healthy control levels, with an overall Hedges’ g of 0.96 (0.75–1.18). Heterogeneity was high but was explained by the range of E:T ratios, different methods, and potential outliers. The outcomes confirm reproducible NK cell dysfunction in ME/CFS and will guide studies using the NK cell model system for pathomechanistic investigations.
Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024542140.
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Frontiers in Immunology
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15
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© 2024 Baraniuk, Eaton-Fitch and Marshall-Gradisnik. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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Biochemistry and cell biology
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Immunology
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Baraniuk, JN; Eaton-Fitch, N; Marshall-Gradisnik, S, Meta-analysis of natural killer cell cytotoxicity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, Frontiers in Immunology, 2024, 15, pp. 1440643