The role of public land agencies in Australia has ebbed and flowed of the past few decades broadly reflecting political cycles. Initially, in the early 18970s, the Land Commission Program (LCP) was established under the Whitlam government on a rationale with two broad bases: to create more efficient and fairer land markets; and to produce higher quality design outcomes. At the end of the Whitlam era- partly resulting form objections from the private sector, government-sponsored critiques of the land program and the ideologies of conservative governments - the influence of government in land development was substantially reduced. Today, although the variety of activities of public land developers is substantially wider, there remains significant scope for increased government involvement in land development, based on the emergence of new imperatives arising from complex shifts in social conditions, community preferences and scientific knowledge. Furthermore, the imperatives that led to the establishment of the LCP in 1972 are still relevant today.