The age-old proverb "a tooth per child" is well-known and suggestive of an association between pregnancy and its impact on dental health. Pregnancy is associated with hormonal and vascular changes that lead to an exaggerated response of the oral tissues like gingiva and periodontium to bacterial plaque. Pregnancy-related nausea, vomiting, salivary variations, and changes to dietary habits increase the risk of dental caries and tooth erosion. The association between pregnancy and oral health is bilateral. Periodontal diseases have been identified as risk factors for pre-term birth, low birth weight babies, and increased risk of preeclampsia. These reasons underpin the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene during pregnancy. Preventive interventions are required to encourage and support good oral hygiene practices in pregnant women. Models and theories of social cognition have been widely used to understand and intervene to change health behaviors. Application of such theories can help explore and examine the beliefs and social cognition constructs associated with health behaviors and thus identify potentially modifiable determinants of health. When applied in the context of oral hygiene practices in pregnant women, this can be beneficial to inform future behavior change interventions aiming to promote and improve oral hygiene behaviors of pregnant women. Furthermore, health behaviors developed during pregnancy have been known to eventually transfer to children and improve their health outcomes. This research, therefore, aims to synthesize all empirical evidence of social cognition constructs associated with oral hygiene behaviors in pregnant women by conducting a systematic review of the literature.Six bibliographic databases were searched. A study was eligible for inclusion when it reported an association between a social-cognitive factor and oral hygiene behavior in the targeted cohort. Results and conclusions are being formulated and will be discussed extensively in the presentation.