Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has emerged as a major global health threat in the last three decades (UNAIDS and WHO, 2013). Mother-To-Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV increases the risk of HIV being transmitted from high risk populations to the general population, taking a heavy toll on children’s health (UNICEF, 2013). Prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) measures have effectively reduced the risk of MTCT in many developed countries; however difficulties in service delivery and various access issues impede implementation of PMTCT in resource limited countries (UNICEF and WHO, 2013), including China. Hence, it is imperative that we investigate better ways to implement PMTCT to reduce the risk of MTCT of HIV. A priority strategy to reduce MTCT of HIV promoted by WHO is the integration of HIV prevention and treatment services with maternal and child health services (WHO, 2011b). This requires a shift in the management model from providing stand-alone prevention of HIV services to integrative PMTCT services. However, the effectiveness of integrated PMTCT services delivery is uneven across different health service systems around the world (Youngleson et al., 2010). In particular, delivery of integrated services is very difficult in complex health systems such as that in China.